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Alternative Dispute Resolution
Alternative Dispute Resolution:
The concept of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) mechanism is capable of providing a substitute to the conventional methods of resolving disputes. ADR offers to resolve all type of matters including civil, commercial, industrial and family etc., where people are not being able to start any type of negotiation and reach the settlement.
Advantages of Alternative Dispute Resolution:
- Less time consuming: people resolve their dispute in short period as compared to courts
- Cost effective method: it saves lot of money if one undergoes in litigation process.
- It is free from technicalities of courts; here informal ways are applied in resolving dispute.
- People are free to express themselves without any fear of court of law. They can reveal the true facts without disclosing it to any court.
- Efficient way: there are always chances of restoring relationship back as parties discuss their issues together on the same platform.
- It prevents further conflict and maintains good relationship between the parties.
- It preserves the best interest of the parties.
Various modes of Alternative Dispute Resolution:
Arbitration
The process of Arbitration cannot exist without valid arbitration agreement prior to the emergence of dispute. In this technique of resolution parties refer their dispute to one or more persons called arbitrators. Decision of arbitrator is bound on parties and their decision is called ‘Award’. The object of Arbitration is to obtain fair settlement of dispute outside of court without necessary delay and expense.
Any party to a contract where arbitration clause is there, can invoke arbitration clause either himself or through their authorized agent which refer the dispute directly to the arbitration as per the Arbitration clause. Here, arbitration clause means a clause that mention the course of actions, language, number of arbitrators, seat or legal place of the arbitration to be taken place in the event of dispute arising out between the parties.
Mediation
Mediation is an Alternative Dispute resolution where a third neutral party aims to assist two or more disputants in reaching agreement. It is an easy and uncomplicated party centered negotiation process where third party acts as a mediator to resolve dispute amicably by using appropriate communication and negotiation techniques. This process is totally controlled by the parties. Mediator’s work is just to facilitate the parties to reach settlement of their dispute. Mediator doesn’t impose his views and make no decision about what a fair settlement should be.
Conciliation
Conciliation is a form of arbitration but it is less formal in nature. It is the process of facilitating an amicable resolution between the parties, whereby the parties to the dispute use conciliator who meets with the parties separately to settle their dispute. Conciliator meets separately to lower the tension between parties, improving communication, interpreting issue to bring about a negotiated settlement. There is no need of prior agreement and cannot be forced on party who is not intending for conciliation. It is different from arbitration in that way.
- Arbitration
- Mediation
- Conciliation
